To help improve the accuracy of climate models, an international team involving the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) has measured the reflectance of rough, snow-covered surfaces at large solar ...

While at least 8 million tons of plastic litter are ending up in our oceans every year and research on marine litter detection is increasing, the spectral properties of wet as well as submerged ...

Early detection of declining forest health is critical for the timely intervention and treatment of droughted and diseased flora, especially in areas prone to wildfires. Obtaining a reliable measure ...

Nondestructive techniques for estimating nitrogen (N) status are essential tools for optimizing N fertilization input and reducing the environmental impact of agricultural N management, especially in ...

An image printed on reflectance paper responds to the direction from which it is illuminated. The reflectance paper is covered with dimples that reflect light from different directions. See video ...

The way leaves reflect light, known as plant reflectance spectra, can illuminate the evolutionary history of seed plants, according to researchers. The researchers found that by measuring the light ...

The amount of sunlight that Earth reflects back into space — measured by the dim glow seen on the dark portions of a crescent moon’s face — has decreased measurably in recent years. Whether the ...

Surface Reflectances are calculated by applying a correction for the bidirectional reflection distribution (BRD) to the SDR (Surface Directional Reflectance) data using the Ross-Li-Maignan BRD ...