Klyuchevskoy volcano in eastern Russia began erupting shortly after a powerful 8.8 magnitude earthquake and several aftershocks shook the same area. "A descent of hot lava is observed on the western ...

Currently, scientists struggle to forecast volcano eruption events, as no universally reliable, real-time eruption forecasting framework is available. Instead, researchers often rely on retrospective ...

In this view, the transition to an explosive eruption is not just about how much gas is present, but how quickly that gas can separate from the melt and form interconnected pathways that either ...