Irradiators utilizing radioactive cesium-137 (¹³⁷Cs) or cobalt-60 (⁶⁰Co) gamma-ray sources have been used for biological applications for many decades. These applications include irradiation of much ...

Researchers have succeeded in something that has been pursued since the 1970s: explaining the X-ray radiation from the black hole surroundings. The radiation originates from the combined effect of the ...

The Martian radiation environment is characterised by a complex interplay between primary cosmic radiation and secondary particles generated through interactions with the thin Martian atmosphere and ...

Prostatectomy and radiation therapy show no survival difference for low-risk prostate cancer, but higher-risk cases require careful treatment consideration. The ProtecT trial supports active ...